STOI()

This function converts a string to an integer. It stands for "string to integer." The function takes a std::string (or C-style string) as input and returns its integer equivalent. It also allows optional parameters to specify the starting position for the conversion and to store the position of the first character not used in the conversion. If the string cannot be converted to a valid integer (due to invalid characters or overflow), stoi() throws exceptions such as std::invalid_argument or std::out_of_range. This function is very useful for parsing numbers from strings in user input or file processing.

//SYNTAX
int number = stoi(stringValue);   // Convert string to int

#include <iostream>     // For input and output
using namespace std;

int main() {
    string intString = "42";      // String representing an integer
    string floatString = "3.14";  // String representing a float

    int number = stoi(intString);     // Convert to int
    float decimal = stof(floatString); // Convert to float

    cout << "Integer: " << number << endl;
    cout << "Float: " << decimal << endl;

    return 0;  // End of program
}

 OUTPUT:
  Integer: 42  
  Float: 3.14