BOOLEANS
prior to C99, booleans were typically implemented through the use of integers (0 being false and non-zero being true). it is best practice to use the stdbool.h header file when declaring boolean data types as it provides the symbols bool, true and false. its use makes the code readable and clear.
the _Bool type may be used to represent booleans w/o including the stdbool.h header file. however, this is not recommended as devs will lose access to the values "true" and "false".
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